![]() ![]() ISWIFT DEFENCE INDIA TRIALThe act was first applied during the First Lahore Conspiracy trial in the aftermath of the failed Ghadar Conspiracy of 1915, and was instrumental in crushing the Ghadr movement in Punjab and the Anushilan Samiti in Bengal. The passage of the act was supported unanimously by the non-official Indian members in the Viceroy's legislative council, and was seen as necessary to protect against British India from subversive nationalist violence. However, unlike the English law which was limited to persons of hostile associations or origin, the Defence of India act could be applied to any subject of the King, and was used to an overwhelming extent against Indians. ![]() It was similar to the British Defence of the Realm Acts, and granted the Executive very wide powers of preventive detention, internment without trial, restriction of writing, speech, and of movement. The Defence of India Act 1915, also referred to as the Defence of India Regulations Act, was an emergency criminal law enacted by the Governor-General of India in 1915 with the intention of curtailing the nationalist and revolutionary activities during and in the aftermath of the First World War. India has been trying to modernise and streamline its 1.4 million-strong armed forces, and is also working to reduce its reliance on foreign arms, unveiling its first locally made aircraft carrier earlier this month.An Act to provide for special measures to secure the public safety and the defence of British India and for the more speedy trial of certain offences. ![]() While in office, Rawat ruffled Beijing's feathers by repeatedly questioning its actions at their disputed borders and warning Nepal about China's growing footprint. Rawat, 63, was the first chief of defence staff and was considered a close supporter of Hindu nationalist Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who created the post especially for him. His appointment ends months of uncertainty over who would succeed General Bipin Rawat, who was killed in a helicopter crash in December 2021. DELAYED SUCCESSIONĬhauhan's career also included a commanding role in disputed Kashmir - home to a long-running insurgency against Indian rule - and cross-border strikes in 2019 against militant groups in neighbouring Myanmar. India and the United States are both members of the so-called Quad, a security alliance focused on the Indo-Pacific and aimed at providing a more substantive counterweight to China. New Delhi is also concerned over Beijing's increasing presence in the Indian Ocean, seeing the region as firmly within its sphere of influence. Their troops fought a high-altitude skirmish in 2020 along the border dividing Tibet from India's state of Ladakh, killing 20 Indian and at least four Chinese soldiers, and precipitating a sharp deterioration in relations.īut both countries this month began pulling back soldiers from around the site of that incident after more than a dozen rounds of top-level military talks - and after a two-year stand-off. New Delhi and Beijing have regularly accused each other of trying to seize territory at key flashpoints along their 3,500km divide, known as the Line of Actual Control. He will take up the role of chief of defence staff "until further orders", a defence ministry statement said late on Wednesday (Sep 28).Ĭhauhan commanded ground forces on India's eastern front - including much of the disputed border with China - before stepping down.īoth countries fought a full-scale war in the region in 1962 for control of India's north-eastern state of Arunachal Pradesh, which China claims in its entirety and considers part of Tibet. ![]() India has been wary of its northern neighbour's growing troop presence along their immense frontier, and border disputes - including deadly Himalayan clashes in 2020 - have been a perennial source of tension.Ĭhauhan, described as a "China expert" by local media, had been serving as counsel to India's national security adviser after his retirement from active service last year. Lieutenant General Anil Chauhan's appointment comes in the midst of a root-and-branch reform of India's armed forces, and nearly a year after the previous defence chief died in a helicopter crash. NEW DELHI: India has appointed as its new defence chief, a general who led forces on its disputed frontier with China, as New Delhi seeks to counter Beijing's growing military assertiveness. ![]()
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